Results from the culmination of five-years of groundbreaking research to understand how dredging and sediments affects corals have been released in a new paper published in Scientific Reports.
One of the main themes of the $19-million Dredging Science Node, facilitated by the Western Australian Marine Science Institution (WAMSI) partnership, describes the primary cause-effect pathway and how to establish a quantitative relationship between water quality and coral health.
Node Leader (Science), Dr Ross Jones, from the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) said the paper Responses of corals to chronic turbidity, is the 18th and final journal article of the effects of dredging on adult and juvenile corals, and sponges carried out by AIMS during the WAMSI Dredging Science Node.
“The sediment plumes from dredging can travel many kilometers, are quite spectacular and are a visible manifestation of the ‘hazard’ associated with dredging, ” Dr Jones said. “The study translates that hazard into a risk, showing negative effects are much more localized allowing a much better understanding of the spatial effects associated with dredging.”
Sediments are resuspended into the water column by dredging and dredging activities and the increase in water cloudiness, reduces underwater light levels. This is an issue for hard corals that derive a lot of their energy from the photosynthesis of the symbiotic algae that live within their tissues.
Although the hazard of light reduction caused by dredging was first identified in the 1970s, it has never really advanced beyond that initial hazard identification. This has led to a great deal of uncertainty for regulators and dredging proponents.